Each summer is a time for vampires Kevin Byard Jersey , at least the dwarf variety known as mosquitoes. Sun worshippers are out in force, some concerned about contracting skin cancer, others blissfully ignoring such fears. Each scantily clad human body presents mosquitoes with an all-you-can-eat buffet beyond their wildest insect equivalent of dreams. One summer, I overheard one of my new nursing students tell a friend that mosquitoes only take red blood, not blue blood. Blue blood? The comments made this scientist pause.
Blue blood? Yes, many people believe we have blue blood in our bodies. However, no known vertebrate Derrick Henry Jersey , animals with backbones, is known to have such a substance. There is a small group of green-blooded lizards found in New Guinea, the coloration coming from high concentrations of bile pigments. That level of bile in human blood would be extremely toxic, but the lizards thrive. Ongoing research is trying to find out how they survive, and the bile salts may protect the lizards from malaria.
Then there are a few species of Arctic and Antarctic fishes, whose blood is a clear, colorless material. Instead of bile or other pigments Jonnu Smith Jersey , they circulate a complex substance that keeps their blood from freezing in the otherwise deadly cold water.
But that's it, really. A few clear-blooded fishes and some green-blooded lizards. Other than that, all vertebrates have red blood, and that includes people. Green-blooded Mr. Spock, of course, is both fictional and half alien (which begs a host of genetic problems I shall not dwell on here).
So why has the mistaken belief persisted for so long that we humans have both blue and red blood? The myth began back in the days of landed European aristocracy. In a time when it was seen as a sign of low status to be a laborer, and only people who had to work for a living'tending farms Corey Davis Jersey , erecting buildings, making roads?got significant exposure to the sunlight. Having a tan was a sign of one's lower societal station. How very different today, where tans are associated with leisure and vacation time in warm climes! As for the blue blood, one need look at the blood vessels as seen in thin, pale areas of a light-skinned person's body. The vessels do indeed appear blue, and the effect is much more pronounced in those alabaster-skinned damsels of romance novels. Alas, the blue coloring is really the reflected light bouncing off of the vessel walls and skin Rashaan Evans Jersey , not the blood within. But in stratified European society, the lighter one's complexion, the further removed one was from labor, and hence the ?bluer? one's blood.
If we could actually peer into a human body, we would see only a very subtle difference in blood color dependent upon where the blood was going. Blood that leaves the heart and brings oxygen to the body is bright red and travels in arteries. That blood then picks up carbon dioxide and travels back to the heart through veins. This returning blood is darker, some might say maroon, others brick Delanie Walker Jersey , but still decidedly red.
To mosquitoes, though, blood by any shade is a meal.
Dr. Sprackland is the Director of the Virtual Museum of Natural History at .
Few things are as worrisome to a man as male dysfunction. Despite the fact that many men experience some male dysfunction at some point in their lives, it s a topic that is not openly discussed, even among friends. Many myths and much misinformation therefore exists around this topic, which makes evidence-based information on this manhood care matter that much more valuable. Interestingly, a recent study has raised the possibility that there could be a link between psoriasis and male dysfunction.
The study Published online in a reputable men s health journal Marcus Mariota Jersey , the study looked at 191 men with psoriasis and 191 men without psoriasis. (Psoriasis is a skin condition characterized by red, itchy patches on the skin.) When the scientists crunched their numbers, they found that almost 53% of men with psoriasis also had male dysfunction, compared to about 40% of men without psoriasis who also had male dysfunction. Further, of those men with performance issues, those with psoriasis were more likely to classify the performance issues as severe. The authors thus determined that the data suggest that men with psoriasis are significantly more likely to suffer from male dysfunction than those without the skin condition.
What does it mean? Does this study mean that psoriasis is a cause of male dysfunction? Though this study was not designed to definitively answer that question, the likely answer is no Jurrell Casey Jersey , psoriasis is not a cause.
That doesn t mean, however, that there s not a link between them, as the study found. It means that the factors which actually cause psoriasis are probably not responsible for a man s inability to obtain or maintain tumescence. Instead, it suggests that other characteristics shared by people with psoriasis may be contributing factors to the dysfunction issue.